Effect of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit on Shoulder in Baseball Pitchers during Fastball
Adaptations to the pitching shoulder, including increased external rotation (ER), bony adaptation, and humeral head retroversion, seem to be the norm and needed for success. We have learned to measure the total arc of rotation, and we understand if ER is increased, then; as a result, the internal rotation (IR) will be decreased. I have heard many debates on managing Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit (GIRD). However, I see more of a need to strengthen the shoulder and
